These explanations provide general information and do not replace an assessment of individual circumstances.
Short questions
Which distinction matters?
One person may hold both roles, but powers and responsibilities cannot be inferred solely from share ownership. Company type, constitutional documents and current records matter. The capacity in which someone signs should also be established.
What can I share for an initial assessment?
Company type, the parties’ roles as owners or managers and a short description are useful initially. Identify available company documents and decisions.
Does this guidance establish the same outcome in every case?
No. This page explains general concepts. Documents, the countries involved and the sequence of events can change the assessment. A particular procedure or outcome requires consideration of the individual circumstances.
Official source: Türk Ticaret Kanunu